Pillow

A denial-of-service vulnerability (CVE-2026-59200) exists in Pillow's `PdfParser.PdfStream.decode()` function across versions 5.1.0 to 12.2.x, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to craft a malicious PDF file that, when processed by a vulnerable application, triggers excessive memory allocation (e.g., a ~950 KB file expanding to 1 GB), leading to server Out-of-Memory termination or severe service degradation.

A vulnerability (CVE-2026-55379) in Pillow's BdfFontFile component allows attackers to craft a malicious BDF font file with oversized BBX dimensions and an empty BITMAP section, bypassing documented decompression bomb protection and causing the Image.new() function to silently allocate large amounts of memory in the C-heap, leading to resource exhaustion and denial-of-service for applications processing untrusted BDF fonts.

The Pillow library contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in its McIdas AREA plugin when processing specially crafted image files opened from a filename, allowing an attacker to manipulate header words to define a 'stride' value smaller than the actual row width, leading to information disclosure through adjacent process memory leakage or denial of service due to a process crash (SIGBUS).

Pillow versions 10.3.0 through 12.1.x are vulnerable to a decompression bomb attack via maliciously crafted FITS images, leading to excessive memory consumption and denial of service, resolved in version 12.2.0.