Attack Chain

1. Attacker obtains a valid Azure access token for the collector’s service principal (SP) from a co-tenant workload, compromised peer, or leaked Authorization: header.
2. Attacker crafts an HTTP or gRPC request to an OpenTelemetry receiver configured with azureauthextension.
3. Attacker sets the Authorization header in the request to “Bearer " followed by the obtained Azure access token.
4. If exploiting the scope confusion variant, the attacker sets the Host header to match the Azure resource associated with the token (e.g., vault.azure.net for a Key Vault token).
5. The azureauthextension’s Authenticate method extracts the Authorization and Host headers.
6. The getTokenForHost function uses the client-supplied Host header to request a token for the corresponding scope (e.g., https://vault.azure.net/.default).
7. The extension performs a string comparison between the client-supplied token and the server-minted token, which succeeds because both tokens are valid for the same service principal and scope.
8. The attacker successfully bypasses authentication and ingests arbitrary telemetry data (traces, metrics, and logs) into the OpenTelemetry collector.

Impact

Successful exploitation allows unauthenticated ingestion of arbitrary traces, metrics, and logs. This can lead to telemetry-backend poisoning, log injection (masking real attacker activity), metric manipulation to trigger or suppress alerts, cost-amplification against pay-per-datapoint backends, and adversarial traces that corrupt service-graph and incident-triage signals. Multi-workload Azure environments, deployments that forward Authorization: headers, and multi-tenant environments are most at risk. This vulnerability affects operators of opentelemetry-collector-contrib v0.124.0 through v0.150.0 who have configured azureauthextension on a receiver’s auth: block.

Recommendation

• As an immediate mitigation, remove azure_auth from any receiver auth: blocks. This prevents the vulnerable authentication mechanism from being used.
• Deploy the Sigma rule Detect OpenTelemetry Azure Auth Bypass Attempt to detect attempts to exploit this vulnerability by monitoring for specific HTTP Host header values associated with Azure services.
• Implement JWT validation using oidcauthextension pointed at the tenant discovery URL, with audience pinned from configuration, as described in the mitigation section.
• Upgrade to a patched version of opentelemetry-collector-contrib once available.