Attack Chain

1. The attacker identifies an mcp-chat-studio instance running a vulnerable version (<= 1.5.0).
2. The attacker crafts a malicious HTTP request targeting the /routes/llm.js endpoint.
3. Within the request, the attacker manipulates the req.query.base_url parameter to point to an attacker-controlled server or an internal resource.
4. The mcp-chat-studio server processes the request and, due to the SSRF vulnerability, makes an HTTP request to the URL specified in the req.query.base_url parameter.
5. If the attacker controls the base_url, they can intercept the request and potentially steal sensitive information.
6. If the base_url points to an internal resource, the attacker may gain unauthorized access to internal services or data.
7. The attacker analyzes the response from the manipulated request to gather information about the internal network or services.
8. The attacker leverages the gained information to further compromise the mcp-chat-studio instance or the internal network.

Impact

Successful exploitation of this SSRF vulnerability can allow an attacker to read sensitive data from internal services, potentially leading to credential theft or data exfiltration. It can also be used to pivot to other internal systems, causing a wider breach. The lack of vendor response increases the risk, as no patch or mitigation is currently available. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.3, indicating a high severity vulnerability.

Recommendation

• Monitor web server logs for requests to /routes/llm.js containing suspicious URLs in the req.query.base_url parameter using the provided Sigma rule.
• Implement network segmentation to limit the impact of potential SSRF attacks by restricting access from the mcp-chat-studio server to internal resources.
• Since no patch is available, consider applying a web application firewall (WAF) rule to filter requests to /routes/llm.js that contain potentially malicious URLs in the req.query.base_url parameter.