{"description":"Trending threats, MITRE ATT\u0026CK coverage, and detection metadata — refreshed continuously.","feed_url":"https://feed.craftedsignal.io/tags/ruby/","home_page_url":"https://feed.craftedsignal.io/","items":[{"_cs_actors":[],"_cs_cves":[{"cvss":8.1,"id":"CVE-2026-41316"}],"_cs_exploited":false,"_cs_products":["ERB"],"_cs_severities":["critical"],"_cs_tags":["deserialization","rce","ruby","rails"],"_cs_type":"advisory","_cs_vendors":["RubyGems"],"content_html":"\u003cp\u003eRuby versions before ERB 2.2.0 implemented an \u003ccode\u003e@_init\u003c/code\u003e instance variable guard in \u003ccode\u003eERB#result\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003eERB#run\u003c/code\u003e to prevent code execution upon deserialization via \u003ccode\u003eMarshal.load\u003c/code\u003e. This guard is intended to block execution when an ERB object is reconstructed from untrusted data. However, the methods \u003ccode\u003eERB#def_method\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eERB#def_module\u003c/code\u003e, and \u003ccode\u003eERB#def_class\u003c/code\u003e were not given the same protection, creating a bypass. An attacker capable of triggering \u003ccode\u003eMarshal.load\u003c/code\u003e on untrusted data in a Ruby application with the \u003ccode\u003eerb\u003c/code\u003e gem loaded can exploit \u003ccode\u003eERB#def_module\u003c/code\u003e (using its zero-argument, default-parameter form) as a code execution sink. This bypass impacts Ruby on Rails applications that import untrusted serialized data, Ruby tools employing \u003ccode\u003eMarshal.load\u003c/code\u003e for caching or IPC, and legacy Rails applications (pre-7.0) utilizing Marshal for cookie session serialization. This bypass renders the \u003ccode\u003e@_init\u003c/code\u003e mitigation ineffective across all ERB versions from 2.2.0 through 6.0.3. Combined with the DeprecatedInstanceVariableProxy gadget (present in all ActiveSupport versions through 7.2.3), this enables a universal RCE gadget chain for Ruby 3.2+ applications using Rails. The vulnerability is identified as CVE-2026-41316.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"attack-chain\"\u003eAttack Chain\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker crafts a malicious Ruby object containing an \u003ccode\u003eERB\u003c/code\u003e instance and/or an \u003ccode\u003eActiveSupport::Deprecation::DeprecatedInstanceVariableProxy\u003c/code\u003e instance.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe \u003ccode\u003eERB\u003c/code\u003e instance has its \u003ccode\u003e@src\u003c/code\u003e instance variable set to a string containing malicious code with the \u0026ldquo;end\\nsystem(\u0026lsquo;id\u0026rsquo;)\\ndef x\u0026rdquo; payload.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe vulnerable application calls \u003ccode\u003eMarshal.load\u003c/code\u003e on the crafted object, triggering deserialization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDuring deserialization, the \u003ccode\u003eDeprecatedInstanceVariableProxy\u003c/code\u003e is instantiated (if used), which then invokes the \u003ccode\u003eERB#def_module\u003c/code\u003e method via \u003ccode\u003emethod_missing\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe \u003ccode\u003eERB#def_module\u003c/code\u003e method calls \u003ccode\u003eERB#def_method\u003c/code\u003e without checking the \u003ccode\u003e@_init\u003c/code\u003e guard.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInside \u003ccode\u003eERB#def_method\u003c/code\u003e, the malicious code in \u003ccode\u003e@src\u003c/code\u003e is wrapped in a method definition and evaluated via \u003ccode\u003emodule_eval\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe \u0026ldquo;end\\nsystem(\u0026lsquo;id\u0026rsquo;)\\ndef x\u0026rdquo; payload causes the \u003ccode\u003esystem('id')\u003c/code\u003e command to execute during the \u003ccode\u003emodule_eval\u003c/code\u003e call, bypassing the intended deserialization protection.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker achieves arbitrary code execution on the target system, gaining the ability to perform malicious actions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"impact\"\u003eImpact\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuccessful exploitation allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system. This affects Ruby applications, including Ruby on Rails, which use \u003ccode\u003eMarshal.load\u003c/code\u003e on untrusted data. Specific impact includes potential compromise of web servers and the ability to read sensitive files, modify data, or install malware. Vulnerable applications include those using \u003ccode\u003eMarshal.load\u003c/code\u003e for caching, data import, or IPC, and legacy Rails applications (pre-7.0) using Marshal for cookie session serialization. This bypass renders the @_init mitigation ineffective across all ERB versions from 2.2.0 through 6.0.3.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"recommendation\"\u003eRecommendation\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUpgrade your erb gem to version 4.0.3.1, 4.0.4.1, 6.0.1.1, or 6.0.4 to patch the vulnerability as described in the \u0026ldquo;Patches\u0026rdquo; section.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAvoid using \u003ccode\u003eMarshal.load\u003c/code\u003e on untrusted data, as it is inherently unsafe. Consider using alternative serialization formats like JSON or YAML.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeploy the \u0026ldquo;Detect ERB def_module Code Execution via Deserialization\u0026rdquo; Sigma rule to detect exploitation attempts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n","date_modified":"2026-04-25T12:00:00Z","date_published":"2026-04-25T12:00:00Z","id":"/briefs/2026-04-erb-deserialization/","summary":"A deserialization vulnerability exists in Ruby ERB versions before 4.0.3.1, version 4.0.4, ERB versions 5.0.0 before 6.0.1.1, and ERB versions 6.0.2 before 6.0.4. The `@_init` instance variable guard in `ERB#result` and `ERB#run` can be bypassed via `ERB#def_module`, `ERB#def_method`, and `ERB#def_class`, allowing arbitrary code execution when an ERB object is reconstructed via `Marshal.load` on untrusted data.","title":"ERB Deserialization Bypass via def_module/def_method/def_class","url":"https://feed.craftedsignal.io/briefs/2026-04-erb-deserialization/"},{"_cs_actors":[],"_cs_cves":[],"_cs_exploited":false,"_cs_products":[],"_cs_severities":["high"],"_cs_tags":["credential-forgery","ruby","bsv-sdk","bsv-wallet"],"_cs_type":"advisory","_cs_vendors":[],"content_html":"\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ccode\u003ebsv-sdk\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003ebsv-wallet\u003c/code\u003e Ruby gems are vulnerable to credential forgery due to a signature verification bypass in the \u003ccode\u003eacquire_certificate\u003c/code\u003e function. This function, present in both gems, persists certificate records to storage without properly verifying the certifier\u0026rsquo;s signature. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability through two acquisition paths: by directly supplying certificate fields (direct path) or by controlling a certifier endpoint (issuance path). This allows the attacker to forge identity certificates that are then treated as authentic by other functions like \u003ccode\u003elist_certificates\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003eprove_certificate\u003c/code\u003e. The vulnerability affects \u003ccode\u003ebsv-sdk\u003c/code\u003e versions \u0026gt;= 0.3.1 and \u0026lt; 0.8.2, and \u003ccode\u003ebsv-wallet\u003c/code\u003e versions \u0026gt;= 0.1.2 and \u0026lt; 0.3.4. This vulnerability was identified during a cross-SDK compliance review conducted on 2026-04-08.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"attack-chain\"\u003eAttack Chain\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAttacker gains access to a system that uses either the \u003ccode\u003ebsv-sdk\u003c/code\u003e or \u003ccode\u003ebsv-wallet\u003c/code\u003e Ruby gem.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker invokes the \u003ccode\u003eacquire_certificate\u003c/code\u003e function with \u003ccode\u003eacquisition_protocol: 'direct'\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker supplies arbitrary certificate fields, including a forged \u003ccode\u003esignature\u003c/code\u003e, a \u003ccode\u003ecertifier\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eserial_number\u003c/code\u003e, and \u003ccode\u003erevocation_outpoint\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlternatively, the attacker invokes the \u003ccode\u003eacquire_certificate\u003c/code\u003e function with \u003ccode\u003eacquisition_protocol: 'issuance'\u003c/code\u003e and specifies a malicious certifier URL they control.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe vulnerable \u003ccode\u003eacquire_certificate\u003c/code\u003e function persists the attacker-supplied certificate data to storage without verifying the certifier\u0026rsquo;s signature.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker or a downstream process invokes \u003ccode\u003elist_certificates\u003c/code\u003e or \u003ccode\u003eprove_certificate\u003c/code\u003e to retrieve the forged certificate.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe application trusts the forged certificate as authentic, leading to credential forgery and potential unauthorized access or privilege escalation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"impact\"\u003eImpact\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuccessful exploitation of this vulnerability allows an attacker to forge identity certificates attributed to arbitrary certifier identities. This can lead to credential forgery, where the attacker can assert false attributes about a subject. Applications relying on the wallet\u0026rsquo;s certificate store for identity attributes, such as KYC assertions or role claims, become vulnerable to credential forgery. This is a credential-forgery primitive, not merely a spec divergence from BRC-52.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"recommendation\"\u003eRecommendation\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUpgrade to \u003ccode\u003ebsv-sdk \u0026gt;= 0.8.2\u003c/code\u003e or \u003ccode\u003ebsv-wallet \u0026gt;= 0.3.4\u003c/code\u003e to patch the vulnerability. These versions implement signature verification using \u003ccode\u003eBSV::Wallet::CertificateSignature\u003c/code\u003e and raise \u003ccode\u003eBSV::Wallet::CertificateSignature::InvalidError\u003c/code\u003e for invalid certificates.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf upgrading is not immediately possible, do not expose \u003ccode\u003eacquire_certificate\u003c/code\u003e (either acquisition protocol) to untrusted callers, as described in the Workarounds section of this brief.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf upgrading is not immediately possible, treat any record returned by \u003ccode\u003elist_certificates\u003c/code\u003e / \u003ccode\u003eprove_certificate\u003c/code\u003e as unverified and perform an out-of-band BRC-52 verification against the certifier\u0026rsquo;s public key before acting on it.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n","date_modified":"2026-04-09T20:28:10Z","date_published":"2026-04-09T20:28:10Z","id":"/briefs/2026-04-bsv-credential-forgery/","summary":"The bsv-sdk and bsv-wallet packages are vulnerable to credential forgery because the `acquire_certificate` function persists certificate records to storage without verifying the certifier's signature, allowing attackers to forge identity certificates.","title":"bsv-sdk and bsv-wallet Credential Forgery Vulnerability","url":"https://feed.craftedsignal.io/briefs/2026-04-bsv-credential-forgery/"},{"_cs_actors":[],"_cs_cves":[{"cvss":7.5,"id":"CVE-2026-40069"}],"_cs_exploited":false,"_cs_products":[],"_cs_severities":["high"],"_cs_tags":["bsv","ruby","blockchain","vulnerability"],"_cs_type":"advisory","_cs_vendors":[],"content_html":"\u003cp\u003eThe BSV Ruby SDK, a tool for interacting with the BSV blockchain, contains a vulnerability in versions prior to 0.8.2. Specifically, the \u003ccode\u003eBSV::Network::ARC\u003c/code\u003e component\u0026rsquo;s failure detection mechanism is flawed. It only recognizes \u003ccode\u003eREJECTED\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003eDOUBLE_SPEND_ATTEMPTED\u003c/code\u003e ARC responses as failures. Responses with \u003ccode\u003etxStatus\u003c/code\u003e values like \u003ccode\u003eINVALID\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eMALFORMED\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eMINED_IN_STALE_BLOCK\u003c/code\u003e, or any \u003ccode\u003eORPHAN\u003c/code\u003e-containing string in \u003ccode\u003eextraInfo\u003c/code\u003e or \u003ccode\u003etxStatus\u003c/code\u003e are incorrectly treated as successful broadcasts. This can lead applications that rely on successful broadcast confirmations to trust transactions that were never actually accepted by the BSV network. The vulnerability is identified as CVE-2026-40069 and is patched in version 0.8.2 of the SDK. This affects any application using the vulnerable SDK to interact with the BSV blockchain where transaction confirmation is critical for subsequent actions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"attack-chain\"\u003eAttack Chain\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAn attacker crafts a transaction designed to fail under specific conditions on the BSV network (e.g., invalid format, conflicts with existing transactions).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker uses an application built with a vulnerable BSV Ruby SDK (versions \u0026lt; 0.8.2) to broadcast the malicious transaction.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe BSV network responds with an ARC response indicating a failure status, such as \u003ccode\u003eINVALID\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eMALFORMED\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eMINED_IN_STALE_BLOCK\u003c/code\u003e, or a status containing \u003ccode\u003eORPHAN\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe vulnerable \u003ccode\u003eBSV::Network::ARC\u003c/code\u003e component in the SDK incorrectly interprets the failure response as a successful broadcast due to inadequate error handling.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe application, relying on the SDK\u0026rsquo;s flawed confirmation, proceeds with actions dependent on the transaction\u0026rsquo;s supposed success.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese actions could include updating local state, triggering further transactions, or providing access to resources based on the false confirmation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker benefits from the application\u0026rsquo;s misinterpretation, potentially gaining unauthorized access or manipulating the application\u0026rsquo;s state.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"impact\"\u003eImpact\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuccessful exploitation of CVE-2026-40069 allows attackers to deceive applications using vulnerable BSV Ruby SDK versions into believing that a transaction has been successfully broadcast to the BSV blockchain when it has not. This can lead to incorrect application state, unauthorized actions, or other security breaches depending on the application\u0026rsquo;s logic. While the exact number of affected applications isn\u0026rsquo;t specified, any application relying on transaction confirmation from the BSV Ruby SDK prior to version 0.8.2 is potentially vulnerable. This could impact financial applications, supply chain management systems, or any other application using the BSV blockchain for critical operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"recommendation\"\u003eRecommendation\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUpgrade all instances of the BSV Ruby SDK to version 0.8.2 or later to remediate CVE-2026-40069.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImplement additional transaction verification mechanisms independent of the BSV Ruby SDK in applications where transaction confirmation is critical.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeploy the Sigma rule \u0026ldquo;Detect BSV Ruby SDK ARC Response Errors\u0026rdquo; to identify potentially vulnerable applications based on network traffic patterns.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n","date_modified":"2026-04-09T18:17:03Z","date_published":"2026-04-09T18:17:03Z","id":"/briefs/2024-01-bsv-ruby-sdk-vuln/","summary":"BSV Ruby SDK versions before 0.8.2 improperly handle ARC responses, treating certain failure statuses as successful broadcasts, potentially tricking applications into trusting unaccepted transactions; version 0.8.2 resolves this vulnerability.","title":"BSV Ruby SDK Improper ARC Response Handling","url":"https://feed.craftedsignal.io/briefs/2024-01-bsv-ruby-sdk-vuln/"},{"_cs_actors":[],"_cs_cves":[{"cvss":7.5,"id":"CVE-2026-34785"}],"_cs_exploited":false,"_cs_products":[],"_cs_severities":["medium"],"_cs_tags":["rack","information-disclosure","CVE-2026-34785","ruby","webserver"],"_cs_type":"advisory","_cs_vendors":[],"content_html":"\u003cp\u003eRack, a modular Ruby web server interface, is susceptible to an information disclosure vulnerability in versions prior to 2.2.23, 3.1.21, and 3.2.6. The flaw resides in the Rack::Static middleware component, which uses a simple string prefix check to determine if a request should be served as a static file. When configured with URL prefixes, such as \u0026ldquo;/css\u0026rdquo;, Rack::Static incorrectly matches any request path starting with \u0026ldquo;/css\u0026rdquo;, potentially serving unintended files like \u0026ldquo;/css-config.env\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;/css-backup.sql\u0026rdquo;. This allows unauthorized access to sensitive files located under the static root directory. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2026-34785, can lead to the disclosure of configuration files, database backups, and other sensitive information. The vulnerability has been patched in Rack versions 2.2.23, 3.1.21, and 3.2.6.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"attack-chain\"\u003eAttack Chain\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAn attacker identifies a Rack-based web application using a vulnerable version of Rack (prior to 2.2.23, 3.1.21, or 3.2.6).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker identifies a static file directory configured in the Rack application, for example using a path prefix like \u0026ldquo;/css\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker crafts a malicious request targeting a sensitive file within the static directory, such as \u0026ldquo;/css-config.env\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;/css-backup.sql\u0026rdquo;, that shares the configured prefix but is not intended to be served publicly.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Rack::Static middleware incorrectly matches the malicious request due to the simple string prefix check.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe web server serves the unintended file to the attacker.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker gains access to sensitive information contained in the served file.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker leverages the disclosed information to further compromise the application or infrastructure.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"impact\"\u003eImpact\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuccessful exploitation of this vulnerability (CVE-2026-34785) can lead to the disclosure of sensitive information, including configuration files, database backups, and other critical data. The impact severity is dependent on the nature of the exposed files. For example, exposure of database credentials could result in a full compromise of the application\u0026rsquo;s data. Organizations using vulnerable Rack versions are susceptible to information breaches if they rely on Rack::Static to serve files.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"recommendation\"\u003eRecommendation\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUpgrade Rack to version 2.2.23, 3.1.21, or 3.2.6 or later to patch CVE-2026-34785.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReview Rack::Static configurations to ensure appropriate restrictions are in place for serving static files.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeploy the Sigma rule \u0026ldquo;Detect Suspicious Rack Static File Access\u0026rdquo; to identify attempts to access files with similar prefixes.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMonitor web server logs (category: webserver) for unusual requests with file extensions such as \u003ccode\u003e.env\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003e.sql\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003e.bak\u003c/code\u003e that fall under static directories (e.g., /css, /js, /img).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n","date_modified":"2026-04-02T17:16:24Z","date_published":"2026-04-02T17:16:24Z","id":"/briefs/2026-04-rack-static-disclosure/","summary":"Rack versions prior to 2.2.23, 3.1.21, and 3.2.6 are vulnerable to information disclosure due to improper static file serving via a prefix matching issue in Rack::Static.","title":"Rack::Static Information Disclosure Vulnerability (CVE-2026-34785)","url":"https://feed.craftedsignal.io/briefs/2026-04-rack-static-disclosure/"},{"_cs_actors":[],"_cs_cves":[],"_cs_exploited":false,"_cs_products":["avo"],"_cs_severities":["high"],"_cs_tags":["broken-access-control","privilege-escalation","ruby"],"_cs_type":"advisory","_cs_vendors":["rubygems"],"content_html":"\u003cp\u003eA critical broken access control vulnerability exists within the Avo framework, specifically affecting version 3.x. This vulnerability resides in the \u003ccode\u003eActionsController\u003c/code\u003e and stems from an insecure action lookup mechanism. An authenticated user, regardless of their privilege level, can execute any Action class (descendants of \u003ccode\u003eAvo::BaseAction\u003c/code\u003e) on any resource within the application. This occurs because the system fails to validate whether the requested action is legitimately registered or permitted for the resource context specified in the request. The absence of this verification allows for the circumvention of intended resource-action mappings. Successful exploitation leads to privilege escalation, unauthorized data manipulation, and potential compromise of the application\u0026rsquo;s integrity. It is recommended to upgrade to version 3.31.2 or later, which addresses this vulnerability.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"attack-chain\"\u003eAttack Chain\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAn attacker authenticates to the Avo admin panel with low-level privileges.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker identifies a sensitive action class, such as \u003ccode\u003eAvo::Actions::ToggleAdmin\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker identifies a target record ID, such as a user ID they wish to manipulate.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker crafts a POST request to a resource endpoint where the target action is NOT registered (e.g., \u003ccode\u003e/admin/resources/posts/actions\u003c/code\u003e).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe POST request includes a payload containing the \u003ccode\u003eaction_id\u003c/code\u003e parameter set to the sensitive action class (\u003ccode\u003eAvo::Actions::ToggleAdmin\u003c/code\u003e).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe POST request also includes a \u003ccode\u003efields[avo_resource_ids]\u003c/code\u003e parameter set to the target record ID.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDue to the insecure action lookup in \u003ccode\u003eAvo::ActionsController\u003c/code\u003e, the server executes the \u003ccode\u003eToggleAdmin\u003c/code\u003e action on the specified user ID.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe attacker\u0026rsquo;s privileges are escalated, or unauthorized data manipulation occurs due to the successful execution of the unintended action.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"impact\"\u003eImpact\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe exploitation of this broken access control vulnerability can have severe consequences. A successful attack can lead to privilege escalation, allowing attackers to gain administrative control over the application. Unauthorized operations can be performed, leading to data breaches or data manipulation. Sensitive actions designed for restricted resources can be triggered against any record ID, potentially compromising the integrity and confidentiality of data. The impact includes unauthorized deletion, archival, or updates to records, causing reputational damage and potential financial losses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"recommendation\"\u003eRecommendation\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUpgrade to Avo version 3.31.2 or later, which contains the necessary fix to restrict action lookup to registered actions for the current resource context.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDeploy the Sigma rule \u003ccode\u003eDetect Avo Unauthorized Action Execution\u003c/code\u003e to monitor for attempts to execute actions on resources where they are not registered.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReview and audit existing Avo action registrations to ensure that actions are appropriately mapped to resources within the application.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n","date_modified":"2024-01-03T12:00:00Z","date_published":"2024-01-03T12:00:00Z","id":"/briefs/2024-01-03-avo-broken-access-control/","summary":"Avo framework version 3.x contains a critical Broken Access Control vulnerability in the ActionsController. Due to insecure action lookup logic, an authenticated user can execute any Action class on any resource, even if the action is not registered for that specific resource. This leads to Privilege Escalation and unauthorized data manipulation across the entire application. Version 3.31.2 remediates this issue.","title":"Avo Framework Broken Access Control Vulnerability","url":"https://feed.craftedsignal.io/briefs/2024-01-03-avo-broken-access-control/"}],"language":"en","title":"CraftedSignal Threat Feed — Ruby","version":"https://jsonfeed.org/version/1.1"}