Vm2 (<= 3.11.3)

The vm2 npm package has a remote code execution vulnerability due to a patch bypass for CVE-2023-37903; the vulnerability occurs because the check for `nesting: true` and `require: false` in `nodevm.js` uses strict equality, which can be bypassed by omitting the `require` option entirely, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands.

A sandbox escape vulnerability, CVE-2026-47210, in `vm2` allows arbitrary code execution in the host process when untrusted code is executed with async support on runtimes exposing WebAssembly JSPI, bypassing Promise-species hardening and exposing a host-originated rejection object to attacker-controlled species logic.

VM2 is vulnerable to a sandbox breakout vulnerability (CVE-2026-47208) that allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the host system by manipulating Promise species and escaping the sandbox context.