Attack Chain

1. The attacker authenticates to the SIM-PKH application.
2. The attacker crafts a malicious PHP file containing shell commands.
3. The attacker sends a POST request to aksi_pengurus.php with module=pengurus and act=update.
4. The POST request includes the malicious PHP file in the fupload parameter.
5. The application saves the uploaded PHP file in the foto directory.
6. The attacker determines the path to the uploaded file within the foto directory.
7. The attacker sends an HTTP request to the uploaded PHP file.
8. The server executes the PHP code, granting the attacker remote code execution.

Impact

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the web server hosting SIM-PKH 2.4.1. This could lead to complete system compromise, including data theft, defacement of the website, or the deployment of further malicious payloads. The impact is significant due to the potential for unauthorized access and control of the affected system. There are no specific victim counts or sector information available from the provided source.

Recommendation

• Apply available patches or upgrade to a secure version of SIM-PKH to remediate CVE-2018-25409.
• Implement the Sigma rule Detect SIM-PKH Arbitrary File Upload (CVE-2018-25409) to detect malicious file uploads.
• Monitor web server logs for POST requests to aksi_pengurus.php containing PHP code in the fupload parameter.
• Implement the Sigma rule Detect SIM-PKH PHP File Execution in foto Directory (CVE-2018-25409) to detect access attempts to uploaded PHP files.