CakePHP: SQL injection in WindowExpression (CVE-2026-119418)

CakePHP versions through 5.4.3 contain an SQL injection vulnerability arising from the improper validation of frame offsets and directions within the WindowExpression::range() and frame() methods. Applications that pass user-supplied input into these methods, which are subsequently rendered in the OVER clause of a SQL query, are susceptible to exploitation. An attacker can leverage this flaw to execute unauthorized SQL statements using the privileges of the database connection.

Impact

Successful exploitation allows for unauthorized SQL execution, which can lead to data exfiltration, database modification, or denial of service depending on the application database configuration and privileges.

Recommendation

• Inventory all applications utilizing CakePHP versions 5.4.3 or older.
• Review custom code for any usage of WindowExpression::range() or frame() that incorporates untrusted user input.
• Apply patches or upgrade to a version of CakePHP that addresses this vulnerability once available.
• Implement strict input validation and sanitization for all parameters passed to framework query building methods.