Arbitrary File Read in 4MOSAn Management Center (CVE-2026-78212)

CVE-2026-78212 identifies an arbitrary file read vulnerability affecting 4MOSAn Management Center versions prior to 20260621. The vulnerability originates from improper neutralization of special elements in file paths, allowing an unauthenticated remote attacker to perform a relative path traversal attack. By supplying specially crafted input to vulnerable application endpoints, an attacker can bypass directory restrictions to access and download arbitrary files from the underlying host filesystem. This flaw poses a significant risk to confidentiality, as it could permit the unauthorized retrieval of configuration files, credentials, or other sensitive system data. Defenders should prioritize patching affected instances to the latest available version provided by 4MOSAn Security Technology.

Attack Chain

1. The attacker performs reconnaissance to identify internet-facing 4MOSAn Management Center instances.
2. The attacker sends an unauthenticated HTTP request to a vulnerable application endpoint.
3. The request includes a manipulated parameter containing directory traversal sequences (e.g., ../../../).
4. The application processes the input without sufficient validation of the requested file path.
5. The server-side code resolves the traversal path to access files outside of the intended directory.
6. The application reads the contents of the targeted system file and includes it in the HTTP response body.
7. The attacker receives the sensitive file content, completing the unauthorized data exfiltration.

Impact

Successful exploitation allows unauthenticated attackers to read any file on the server accessible to the web application process. This can lead to the exposure of credentials, database configurations, and environment secrets, facilitating further compromise of the internal network and associated systems.

Recommendation

• Patch 4MOSAn Management Center to version 20260621 or later immediately to remediate CVE-2026-78212.
• Monitor webserver logs for HTTP requests containing directory traversal sequences (e.g., '..%2f', '..%5c', or repeated '../') directed at application parameters.
• Restrict external access to 4MOSAn Management Center interfaces using firewall rules or VPNs to minimize the exposure window for unauthenticated exploitation attempts.