Memory Corruption Vulnerability in Satellite Data Decoding (CVE-2025-47392)

CVE-2025-47392 is a memory corruption vulnerability found in software that decodes satellite data files. The vulnerability is triggered when processing corrupted data files containing invalid signature offsets. Qualcomm, Inc. reported this vulnerability, highlighting its potential impact on systems relying on satellite data processing. Successfully exploiting this issue could lead to arbitrary code execution or denial-of-service conditions. This vulnerability affects systems using the vulnerable decoding software. Defenders should investigate the Qualcomm security bulletin for affected product details.

Attack Chain

Since exploitation details are not public, the following attack chain is a hypothetical reconstruction based on similar memory corruption vulnerabilities.

1. An attacker crafts a malicious satellite data file with a corrupted signature offset.
2. The attacker delivers the crafted data file to a vulnerable system via an adjacent network (AV:A).
3. The vulnerable software attempts to decode the corrupted satellite data file.
4. During the decoding process, the invalid signature offset is used to access memory.
5. An integer overflow or wraparound (CWE-190) occurs when calculating the memory address.
6. The software attempts to write data to an arbitrary memory location due to the corrupted offset.
7. Memory corruption occurs, potentially overwriting critical data or code.
8. The corrupted memory leads to arbitrary code execution or a denial-of-service condition.

Impact

Successful exploitation of CVE-2025-47392 can lead to memory corruption, potentially resulting in arbitrary code execution or a denial-of-service condition. The affected systems likely include devices and infrastructure that rely on decoding satellite data. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8, indicating a high severity. The specific number of affected devices is currently unknown but could be substantial given the widespread use of satellite data.

Recommendation

• Monitor network traffic for attempts to deliver malformed satellite data files to systems using vulnerable decoding software. Enable network connection logging to detect this activity.
• Deploy the Sigma rule Detect Satellite Data Decoding Memory Corruption Attempt to identify processes attempting to decode potentially malicious data files.
• Investigate and patch vulnerable systems identified in the Qualcomm security bulletin to remediate CVE-2025-47392.
• Monitor processes for unexpected memory access patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts resulting from this vulnerability.